OnePlus 10 Pro is the best among the OnePlus line-up of phones for capturing slow-motion videos. Video capture specs: HDR10+, Xiaomi phones with similar slow-motion video recording:.Rear camera specs: Primary 50MP (f/1.9), 50MP (f/1.9) telephoto, 50MP (f/2.2) ultra wide-angle.It is also capable of shooting with (HDR). The Xiaomi 12 Pro can record full HD videos at 30/120/240fps whereas 4K clips can be recorded at 30/60fps with HDR10+ colours. It uses an interpolation technique to achieve such a feat. The Snapdragon 8 Gen 1 powered phone can record 720p videos at 1920fps. Xiaomi 2022 flagship is also capable of delivering excellent slow-motion video. Other Samsung phones with similar slow-motion video recording: Rear camera specs: Primary 108MP (f/1.8), 10MP (f/4.9) periscope telephoto, 10MP (f/2.4) telephoto, and 12MP ultra wide-angle (f/2.2).Video capture specs: HDR10+, dual-video rec., stereo sound rec., gyro-EIS & OIS.Rear camera specs: Primary 50MP (f/1.8), 10MP (f/2.4) telephoto, 12MP ultra wide-angle (f/2.2).Samsung Galaxy S22 UltraĪpart from Slo-mos, these S22 series phones are also capable of recording 8K videos at 24fps. While Samsung has made enhancements in overall videography, the slow-motion capabilities of the Galaxy S22 series remain the same as that of the Galaxy S21 series from last year. Samsung Galaxy S22, Galaxy S22+, and Galaxy S22 Ultra ( review) can capture slow-motion videos at 960fps. Other Motorola phones with similar slow-motion video recording: Other features include Android 12, dual stereo speakers, a side-mounted fingerprint sensor, 125W fast charging, and 50W wireless and 10W reverse charging support The Motorola Edge 30 Ultra is powered by Snapdragon 8 Gen1 octa-core chipset, has a 6.67-inch 144Hz OLED display, a 60MP front camera, and a 4610mAh battery. The phone records slow-motion videos at 960fps. You can go on to record 1080p videos at 30fps. It can record in HDR10+ and the footage is quite impressive when shot under adequate daylight. Motorola Edge 30 Ultra is the first phone with a 200MP camera system. Best Phones That Support Slow Motion Video recording in 2022 1. Currently, you will find them mostly on Samsung, Motorola, and Xiaomi flagships. There are a few sensors that have native 960fps support and these include Sony IMX350, Sony IMX500, Samsung ISOCELL Fast 2元, and Samsung ISOCELL Fast 2L4. Many affordable phones that claim 960fps slow-motion video recording actually use software interpolation to copy and duplicate frames in between, resulting in choppy and poor-quality slow-mos. All of the popular 48MP, 50MP and 64MP camera sensors that we saw this year max out at 480fps. Such camera sensors with DRAM are still very rare. As stated above, you will need hardware support on the camera sensor to shoot true 960fps. Two popular frame rates for slow motion on phones are 960fps and 480fps. There are two necessary requirements for effective high fps slow-motion capture: Most content plays at 24, 30 or 60 frames per second, and if the camera shoots more frames per second than your media player playback, you will be able to stretch the footage you captured over a longer time – resulting in slow-motion videos. Slow-motion video recording is about capturing more frames every second. 960fps vs 480fps slow-motion videos on phones Before we proceed to the list of phones that shoot great slow-motion videos, here are a few basics you should know. You will need a good deal of light, preferably outdoor settings, to shoot decent footage and most phones only allow only 0.5 to 3 seconds (mostly a fraction of a second) of true slow-motion capture, which makes it really tricky to shoot the moment you actually want to.īut yes, the ability to capture slow-motion footage is high in demand and manufacturers are obliging even their affordable products, even if it’s with software trickery. Things are still far from perfect, though. Phone cameras have been doing slow-mos for a while, but it’s only now that they have gotten the hang of it. Slow-motion videos are always fun to watch, but they are not as easy to film.
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This pegged my download speed at 75.26Mbps and my upload speed at 9.32Mbps. The results were confirmed by the “official” speed test for Openreach or BT Wholesale services, which are retailed by a lot of different ISPs. It depends how you calculate throughput in tests that use multiple simultaneous download streams to max out the line. It said my download speed was 72.3Mbps “bursting to 74.6Mbps”. gave a more sophisticated answer, including a graph. They also gave the same results in both the Edge and Chrome browsers. They all agreed that my download speed was around 74.4Mbps while my upload speed was around 9.6Mbps, with a ping rate of 7ms. The three websites that gave the most accurate results were .uk, (Ookla), and. This includes Plusnet’s .uk and the Ookla app for Windows 10, which also avoids the browser problem. Readers outside the UK can search for local alternatives, or use or any service that mentions Ookla. Unfortunately, for best results, you have to use a local server: whichever has the lowest latency or ping rate. I did the restarts and used clean browsers, but I didn’t turn off anti-virus or kill all background tasks. I ran semi-serious tests with more a dozen broadband test sites for this answer. Finally, open a clean browser and follow a bookmark to your chosen broadband speed testers. After five minutes, restart your PC and close down as many programs as possible, including anti-virus software. Also turn off any other devices that are using the connection, such as TVs, set-top boxes, smartphones etc, and restart your router. To run a serious test, you must turn off your PC’s wifi (if any) and connect it to the router using an ethernet cable. Eking out a little extra speed won’t change your life. If you are getting around 7Mbps from an ADSL connection, 12-16Mbps from ADSL2, 30Mbps from FTTC, 50Mbps from cable or 20Mbps from mobile broadband then you don’t have a major problem. In most cases, the results will be good enough. To run a casual test, go to any broadband speed checker and run the test in a browser. There are casual tests and serious tests. I can’t complain about slower wifi speeds on laptops, tablets and smartphones. In fact, 74.4Mbps is a good speed for an “up to 76Mbps” FTTC (fibre-to-the-cabinet) broadband service. The speed dropped to about 25Mbps when using a wifi-connected Windows 10 laptop, and to 15Mbps on an Android smartphone. Photograph: Alamyįor example, my download speed at midday yesterday was 74.4Mbps when measured using a desktop PC with a direct connection. Clonex gel contains IBA, a plant hormone that promotes root formation. Clonex Rooting Gel is used when taking a plant cutting.ĭuring the process of taking cuttings, a grower will dip the cut end of the plant cutting into Clonex gel. When most people ask, “What is Clonex?”, they’re referring to the popular gel product. The flagship product in this line is Clonex Rooting Gel. What is Clonex?Ĭlonex itself is a brand name of propagation products. HDI is a sister company to Growth Technology, the original makers of Clonex. Hydrodynamics International (HDI) introduced it to the United States in 1997. It all started with Clonex Rooting Gel, which is now a benchmark product within the hydroponic industry.Ĭlonex Rooting Gel is distributed worldwide. The Clonex brand has been responsible for the successful cloning of plants since 1988. To get the best out of your Clonex Rooting Gel, take a look at our blog post on Taking the Perfect cuttings, so that you can increase your success rate.Ĭlonex Rooting Gel produces excellent results when used with Cultiwool Cubes.What Is Clonex? Successful Plant Cloning in a Bottle Don’t be surprised to see your root mass increase by as much as 156%, and your rooting time for cuttings drop by as much as 10 days. Dip the new cutting into the rooting gel, then insert it into a moistened rooting plug and leave inside a propagator until rooted.ĭon't remove too many cuttings from your mother plant – be sure to save at least 50% of the foliage or you'll risk causing too much stress.Ĭombine Clonex Rooting Gel with Clonex Mist for maximum results. Open your Clonex bottle and pour some of the rooting gel into a separate container. Make sure that the cut is at an angle and use sterile equipment to reduce the likelihood of infection. Safe – won’t splash – it’s a rooting GEL!Ĭan be used with any type of rooting plugĬlonex rooting hormone gel – much more effective than rooting hormone powderĪll you need to do is remove some side shoots from your mother plant using a sharp blade (preferably a scalpel). Seals plant stems to reduce the likelihood of infection Maximum results – sticks to plant stems throughout rooting Works to promote root cell development, strengthening root tissueĬontains rooting hormones at 3000 parts per millionĬlonex wards off stem-rot (anti-fungal agent)Ĭontains nutrient & trace elements to further promote strong root development Significantly increases cutting success rates Speeds up rooting times for plants, as well as the development of new roots No wonder amateurs and professionals worldwide swear by it!įor use on freshly taken cuttings during propagation Remember, Clonex is a thick gel… it sticks to plant stems to aid cuttings throughout rooting.Įxpect extreme root growth and a remarkable increase in cutting success rates. To prevent infections & embolisms, it seals cut tissue instantly. You’ve got to try Clonex! It’ll help your cuttings develop roots and protect existing roots. Want explosive root growth? Meet your new best friend – Clonex Rooting Gel.Ĭlonex is packed with rooting hormone, vitamins, nutrients & anti-fungal agents. Promote Explosive Root Development with Clonex Rooting Gel
The Logitech Trackballs M570 also do tend to have accuracy issues after a few year! The scroll wheel/ middle button get effected. I had similar issues with my new computer but not with a mouse on my old one. Occasionally (randomly) when you would scroll over an edge of a model it would appear to select the edge and then think about it! What appeared to be minutes but it real terms, would only be 10seconds or so! What lead me to thinking it was the M570 (or its drivers) was when I handed on my computer. None I can prove to be directly related to the M570 but it couldn’t be ruled out!. With the introduction of Windows 10, there has been some small issues inside of SOLIDWORKS. So why now after all these years would I consider going back to a conventional mouse? And could the 3Dconnexion CadMouse convince me to do so? Or more importantly could I adapt to the CadMouse?Ī question of Why? It has come down to a collection of small reasons. As well as web pages and pdf documents!įor those of us who use the Logitech Trackballs M570 with SOLIDWORKS and computers in general, know of it advantages. Outside of SOLIDWORKS the SpaceNavigator is an ideal product for scrolling along Excel & Twitter columns. I do like to sit back and overall review my models using it. That’s not to say I don’t use my SpaceNavigator with SOLIDWORKS. Along with an evolved use of SOLIDWORKS that sees a combination of left hand keyboard shortcuts, including the “S” (and now “D”) keys and “Mouse gestures”. This is due mainly because of the Logitech Trackball ability. To be perfectly honest over the years I’ve used the SpaceNavigator progressively less on a daily bases with SOLIDWORKS. Carpal tunnel & elbow pain tend go hand in hand with those who use CAD applications.Īt a similar time as moving to a Trackball I also purchased my first 3Dconnexion product. I first moved away from using a conventional mouse partly because of progressive arm pain! I suggest nothing new for those who spend weeks on end, day after day (10-12 hours a day) working with CAD programs. The older one then goes into service with my laptop! I buy a new one ever couple of years for work, to use with my desktop. I first started with a Logitech Trackman Wheel around 2006 before switching to the Logitech Trackball M570 when first release in 2010. For those who don’t know I’ve been a long term user and advocate of Logitech Trackballs. Purchase DraftSight Professional 2018 for as low as $149 here.I’ve brought a 3Dconnexion CadMouse (and a CadMouse Pad to complement it)įor most people that would not be a particularly big statement! However for me, it is quite momentous! Hopefully I’ve introduced you to another of DraftSights simple and easy to use time saving features. I used to stick to using the Command Line for entering the majority of my commands, but since configuring Mouse Gestures, I’m quickly changing my ways!įor more information on using Mouse Gestures, the DraftSight Help File has some excellent information on available, just hit F1 when in DraftSight and do a search for Mouse Gestures. All there, easy to use with a Mouse Click and a Drag. As you can see in the image below, I have other commands mapped to Mouse Gestures, such as Line, Save, Open, Copy and Offset. So, if I Right Click on my mouse and drag down to the Right, the Rectangle command starts. If you have one of them, fantastic, you can map commands specific to your 3D Mouse here, if not… Well, just carry on scrolling down through the list!Īs an example, I’ve selected Rectangle in the Draw Category. The first Category you’ll see relate to 3D Mouse Options. Go to the Manage tab in the Menu and under Customization, you will see Mouse Gestures.Ĭlick on the icon and the Mouse Gestures Dialog Box will appear. So, how do you configure Mouse Gestures in DraftSight? It’s simple really. Think of Mouse Gestures as the mouse equivalent of keyboard shortcuts! In today’s blog, I’ll do my best to explain just what Mouse Gestures are and how to use them.īasically, you can use Mouse Gestures as a shortcut to a command. Once you have learned mapped commands, you’ll soon find you can invoke your mapped commands very quickly. Mouse Gestures… It’s another one of those lesser known features in DraftSight. Hiring of five BBC presenters is investigated after claims the process was a 'sham' with the successful candidates told they had got the job before recruitment had officially begun.Blood test may spot women at risk of breast cancer as scientists discover another four genes linked to disease.Moment Greek tennis star Stefanos Tsitsipas confronts woman in the crowd imitating a bee to put him off his stroke every time he serves…but he still wins the match.Bride is accused of being a 'backstabber' by stepsister for 'stealing' her dream wedding venue (even though she's not even engaged).England WILL consider Sarina Wiegman as a successor to Gareth Southgate for the men's national team, admits FA CEO Mark Bullingham, as he says next manager for the men COULD be a woman. Revealed: British Museum curator, 56, sacked after gold jewellery and gems worth tens of millions disappeared was world authority and one of institution's 'Monuments Men' who helped fight international looting.
Most municipal tap water contains chlorine and chloramine, which will kill fish, so you must treat tap water properly with a water conditioner before adding it to an aquarium. However, a single betta can live in a 5-gallon tank-but more is always better. Generally, no fish should be kept in a tank smaller than 10 gallons. While captive fish can never enjoy natural lives, the following tips will help ensure that they’re as happy as possible. Setting up and maintaining a proper aquarium for any fish species is much more complex, expensive, and time-intensive than most people realize, which is one reason why PETA suggests never buying fish as “pets.” If you already have bettas, you can make their lives easier by providing them with an environment that’s as much like their natural habitat as possible. Any habitat for captive bettas must have enrichments such as caves, rocks, and live plants. The fish often live in just a few ounces of water, which is hardly enough to turn around in, much less swim in. Pet shops, discount superstores, florists, and even online catalogs sell “decorative” bettas in small cups or flower vases. They are very curious and will inspect new items put into their tank, which can help keep them mentally stimulated. They usually swim about excitedly when they see their guardian approaching. Betta Fish BehaviorĪccording to PetMD, betta fish can recognize their human guardians. If aggression becomes an issue in any community tank, you should keep and maintain a separate, working quarantine aquarium in which individuals can be placed to avoid conflict with other fish. They can also cohabitate with nonfish species, including snails, ghost shrimp, and frogs. While males will fight with other males and male gouramis (a similar-looking species), they may be able to live singly in a “community” aquarium containing certain other docile species of fish, such as Cory catfish, kuhli loaches, or guppies. With ample space and hiding areas, female bettas may be able to live in a peaceful group. © /Supersmario Can Betta Fish Live With Other Fish? These sensitive fish suffer greatly in the pet trade, where they’re subjected to inadequate care from the time they’re born on breeding farms to when they’re transported to pet stores and sold. When it’s time to pack them for transport to the U.S., fish are haphazardly dumped into baskets covered with nets and scooped up into small plastic cups. come from breeding farms in Thailand and other countries in Southeast Asia, where it’s common practice to keep them in small bottles. While some bettas are captured in the wild, the vast majority of those sold in the U.S. That means they’re active during the day and sleep at night, requiring darkness to get a good night’s rest. Male bettas are devoted fathers who build bubble nests for their young with their mouths and fiercely protect their babies from predators. © /NONTANUN-CHAIPRAKON Betta Fish Factsīetta fish are native to Asia, where they live in the shallow water of marshes, ponds, or slow-moving streams. Freezes must last for a minimum of 1 month. Yes! We know stuff comes up, so all monthly and annual prepaid members can freeze their membership. Have a friend that has never visited a Movement gym before? Bring them in as a guest and their first visit is free! This guest does not count against your yearly guest pass total and gear rental for your guest is included.Ĭan I freeze my membership if I know I won’t be using it? As an added bonus for your guests (and new climbing buddies), gear rental and use of the facility after the lesson is all included! Remember – the Intro to Rope Climbing class is always free for you. You must be there to check in your guest at the gym on the day of their lesson. Reserve up to two guest spots per day in our scheduled Intro to Rope Climbing classes can be booked through the front desk or via the website at no charge by using the customer type Member Guest. Need a friend to belay you? We’ll teach them how to manage the ropes for free. Guest passes cannot be used when the membership is frozen.Īll members can bring a guest after 5pm on the first Friday of every month! This guest does not count against your yearly guest pass total and gear rental for your guest is included. Guest passes reset every January 1 and passes do not accrue. Gear rental is included every time you bring a guest! BTW I tried to inform this in a phone call over 2 months ago.so i just decided to write a review instead of leave a message.Yes! Each member on an account receives six guest passes per calendar year and can use up to two per calendar month. I have tried calling several times to mention that they should help people that look like something can hurt them I mean the gym is small enough to notice anyone. :/ I am already emotional about my posture and lack of curve in my neck, just shows they DON'T care. I actually feel the burn with the machines like any one thats taller than me. So they let me use the stuff and watch me and then after three hours point out my flaws and not get me some help or workout with me for some ideas that I should do with free weights. She says, (lady with tattoo's) I wouldn't lift with your neck (I have a lack of curve) and the machines are built for men and people who are at least 5 foot 8 and up. I ask the front desk lady who was away from the desk working out if she could watch me on the squat bar. The first day I used the equipment for nearly 3 hours. It's about $50 a month and you can get a membership at 24 Fitness down the road for about $35 with an actual locker room, pool and fitness classes. I reached out on the "contact us" page again on the website and no one has replied.įor the quality of gym, you can find a place way cheaper. I asked why I had to pay a maintenance fee for the next year when I would no longer be a member and she told me to read the fine print in my contract. This happened to be charged a couple days after I cancelled my membership and she would not refund me. As most gyms do, they charge an annual "maintenance fee" of around $80-90. I called back a few days later and the same lady (just as rude as before) said it was received and my membership would be done at the end of the month. No one followed up, emailed or called me to confirm anything. (hello- can't you do this internally.) I submitted an "email" through the contact us page on the website as she instructed. The lady on the phone was extremely rude and never asked why I was cancelling (wouldn't they want feedback to improve?) She then made the process sound very complicated and that I would need to email the original AF location I started with and have them email my file to her. When it came to cancelling my membership, the experience was unsurprisingly poor. I had to ask him if I could modify some of them because I knew the way he was instructing was not correct form and could cause injury to my neck.ĥ. Also, the way he was demonstrating the reps was incorrect and unsafe. He had me do a workout that was focused on body-building which is not what I said I wanted to focus on at all. The guy had no clue what he was doing and didn't listen to my fitness goals. The complimentary personal training session when I first joined which was awful. In the studio they have signups for a couple classes but they are frequently cancelled because of low participation.Ĥ. They have 3 paper towel dispensers for the whole gym and a couple squirt bottles with cleaning solution if you can find them lying around somewhere.ģ. If 4 people are showering, then have fun waiting forever to pee.Ģ. They don't have a locker room- just 4 bathroom stalls with showers inside that walk out right into the machines. The bathrooms are filthy and there is no space at all to get ready in the morning if you're planning on working out before work. This is a recent problem and hasn't happened before. When I launch ScreenFlow, the application immediately crashes or hangs and I cannot use it at all. You will be asked to Quit ScreenFlow, but the recording 'in progress" will not be stopped by quitting ScreenFlow, stop this recording and discard it.If all that works, your will be adding permission for ScreenFlow to Record Your Desktop, and look for the "Screen Recording" icon in the list on the left-hand column.Part of the nuance here is that message may not "come to the front" so you may have to move any screens around to make sure the message is not blocked by another window. This is where a message from your OS should show up to the affect of "ScreenFlow would like to record your desktop". Open ScreenFlow > New Recording Tab, make sure "Record Desktop From" is checked.Restart your machine and open a single item, Apple System Preferences > Security & Privacy > Privacy Tab.**MacOS 10.15 Catalina has added even more security checks, users on this OS will also have to allow ScreenFlow to make a "Screen Recording".Also highlight the Camera & Microphone options located just above the "Accessibility" option, to make sure that ScreenFlow has permissions there as well.If it is not listed, select the (+) symbol and choose ScreenFlow from the Applications folder. Highlight "Accessibility" and make sure ScreenFlow.Helper is listed on the right hand window.Take a look at this article for reference, once you get to the security & privacy section, you will also see Cam and Mic listed, please grant access there too, and restart your machine. It's possible that you may have inadvertently denied access to the camera and mic based on the new security involved with MacOS Mojave, Catalina, and Big Sur.Ī message shows up when you update the OS that asks if ScreenFlow can access your Mic/Cam, like all of us I think we just automatically say no when it's out of context. Please try a simple restart of the computer and try again. Some older Macs will use a 32-bit Kernel which is not compatible with the latest copy of the Telestream Audio Driver.Ĭheck this Apple article to find out if your Mac Supports a 64-bit Kernel: HT3770Ĭheck this Apple Article to find out how to Switch to a 64-bit Kernel if your Mac supports it: HT3773 Using these steps will install ScreenFlow and the included audio driver. Open ScreenFlow and put a check box next to Computer Audio and Install the Audio driver.DMG file, and Install to your Applications folder Mac App Store customers: please visit the Mac App Store Purchase tab to install ScreenFlow.Open Disk Utility from Macintosh HD/Applications/Utilities and Repair Disk Permissions on Drive where the Driver is being installed (usually Macintosh HD).Macintosh HD/System/Library/Extensions/TelestreamAudio.kext.Macintosh HD/Library/Extensions/TelestreamAudio.kext.Manually delete the Telestream Audio driver files from:.Delete ScreenFlow from the Applications by dragging the ScreenFlow icon to the Trash Bin on the Dock.If restarting does not resolve this issue, and the Upgrade message continues to appear even after the installation seems to have completed correctly please follow the next steps to remove the updated copy of ScreenFlow and the Telestream Audio Driver. Restarting your Mac after Upgrading the Telestream Audio Driver will usually resolve issues with the Upgrade process. In some instances after the Upgrade of the driver is complete, the same message displays again when enabling the Computer Audio recording. The Telestream Audio Driver does not get upgraded automatically when installing the new version of ScreenFlow, but instead is upgraded when the Record Computer Audio is used for the first time after the update of the software. When upgrading or updating to a newer version of ScreenFlow it is possible that a new version of the Telestream Audio Driver will be included in the new version. If present, manage tachyarrhythmias and treat acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, and/or complete heart block.Consider adjunct medical therapy for ACS, e.g., sublingual nitroglycerin for chest pain relief.Give aspirin if there are no contraindications.Initiate supplemental O 2 for cyanosis, respiratory distress, or SpO 2 Start continuous telemetry and pulse oximetry.Measure cardiac troponinas soon as possible upon clinical presentation.Establish IV access and obtain blood samples for laboratory studies.Obtain 12-lead ECG within 10 minutes of patient arrival.Perform a focused clinical evaluation and ABCDE survey.See “ Management of chest pain” for an approach to patients with undifferentiated chest pain. The following applies to patients with acute chest pain and suspected ACS. Clinical triad in right ventricular infarction : hypotension, elevated jugular venous pressure, clear lung fields Ĭlassically, it has been taught that STEMI manifests with more severe symptoms than NSTEMI, but this is not always the case.More common in inferior wall infarction.Autonomic symptoms (e.g., nausea, diaphoresis).Atypical presentations : more likely in elderly, diabetic individuals, and women.New heart murmur on auscultation (e.g., new S 4 ).Symptoms of CHF (e.g., orthopnea, pulmonary edema) or cardiogenic shock (e.g., hypotension, tachycardia, cold extremities).The peak time of occurrence is usually in the morning.Symptom relief after administration of nitrates is not a diagnostic criterion for cardiac ischemia.Commonly radiates to left chest, arm, shoulder, neck, jaw, and/or epigastrium.Typical: dull, squeezing pressure and/or tightness.STEMI) is determined based on ECG findings. Unstable angina is differentiated from MI by the presence of positive troponins, while the type of MI ( NSTEMI vs. Subtypes of ACS cannot be differentiated based on clinical presentation alone. See “ Acute management checklist for STEMI.”.Adjunctive medical therapy similar to NSTE-ACS.See “ Acute management checklist for NSTE-ACS.”.Anticoagulants, antiplatelet therapy (e.g., aspirin, ADP receptor inhibitors).Invasive management depends on risk stratification (e.g., TIMI score).ST elevations (in two contiguous leads) or new left bundle branch block with strong clinical suspicion of myocardial ischemia.Normal or nonspecific (e.g., ST depression, loss of R wave, T-wave inversion).Affects the full thickness of the myocardium ( transmural infarction).Classically due to complete occlusion of a coronary artery.Affects the inner layer of the heart ( subendocardial infarction).Classically due to partial occlusion of a coronary artery.Partial occlusion of coronary vessel → decreased blood supply → ischemic symptoms without infarction.Autonomic symptoms may be present: diaphoresis, syncope, palpitations, nausea, and/or vomiting.Severe, persistent, and/or worsening ( crescendo angina).Occurring at rest/with minimal exertion and is usually not relieved by rest or nitroglycerin.Symptoms are not reproducible/predictable.Acute myocardial ischemia that is severe enough to cause ST-segment elevations on ECG.Acute myocardial ischemia that is severe enough to cause detectable quantities of myocardial injury biomarkers but without ST-segment elevations on ECG.Acute myocardial ischemia that is not severe enough to cause detectable quantities of myocardial injury biomarkers or ST-segment elevations on ECG.ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction ( STEMI) Non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction ( NSTEMI) Overview of acute coronary syndrome ( ACS) See “ Myocardial infarction” for more details regarding, e.g., histopathology and long-term management. This article concerns the initial management of ACS patients. Adjunctive therapy (e.g., beta blockers, oxygen) helps reduce symptoms and can have a positive impact on mortality. All ACS patients receive dual antiplatelet therapy and initially anticoagulation. The timing and necessity of revascularization therapy in NSTE-ACS is determined based on multiple risk factors. STE-ACS patients require immediate revascularization therapy with percutaneous coronary intervention ( PCI) or fibrinolytic therapy. Depending on serum levels of cardiac troponin (cTn), NSTE-ACS can be categorized as NSTEMI or unstable angina (UA). Based on ECG findings, patients are categorized into those with ST-elevation ( STE-ACS) or non- ST-elevation ACS ( NSTE-ACS). Clinical findings (e.g., onset and characteristics of pain, patient history) in combination with ECG and troponin are the mainstays of diagnosis. Acute coronary syndrome ( ACS) is the clinical manifestation of myocardial infarct and commonly the default working diagnosis in patients with new-onset chest pain suspected to be of cardiac ischemic origin. |
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